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加工公差指南:各工艺可达到的公差

BQUQ Engineering Team · 更新于 2026-09-22 · 517 次浏览
公差是一项成本决策。公差越紧,就需要增加工序、夹具和检测时间。本指南说明各工艺的标准公差、达到更紧公差所需的条件,以及相应的粗糙度值。
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没有匹配,换个关键词试试,比如 304 或 DIN。

各工艺可达到的公差

工艺标准公差最紧实际可达成本说明
CNC车削(直径)±0.01 mm±0.005 mm,磨削±0.002 mm更紧需要精加工走刀和测量
CNC铣削±0.02 mm精加工切削±0.005 mm夹具刚性是限制因素
平面磨削±0.005 mm±0.002 mm平面度和表面质量会增加成本
线切割EDM±0.005 mm±0.003 mm厚截面加工速度慢
钣金折弯±0.1 mm,±0.5°小零件±0.05 mm取决于模具和材料回弹
连续模冲压±0.05 mm±0.02 mm由模具制造决定,而非节拍时间
压缩弹簧(线径)线径±0.02 mm,自由长度±1%线径±0.01 mm由卷制和去应力决定
挤压散热器型材±0.1 mm,切割±0.2 mm机加工±0.05 mm型材公差来自模具

常用GD&T符号

符号名称控制内容
平面度表面的平整程度,无需基准
平行度表面或轴线与基准保持平行
垂直度与基准的垂直程度
位置度孔或特征的真实位置
同轴度特征轴线相对于基准轴线的位置
最大实体要求(MMC)特征处于最大尺寸时的补偿公差
全跳动整周旋转的综合跳动

表面粗糙度(Ra)参考

工艺典型Ra(µm)
粗车3.2 - 6.3
精车1.6 - 3.2
精车/镗孔0.4 - 1.6
CNC铣削1.6 - 3.2
平面磨削0.2 - 0.8
研磨/抛光0.05 - 0.4
冲压(剪切边缘)1.6 - 6.3
挤压铝型材1.6 - 3.2
阳极氧化(哑光)0.4 - 1.6

报价注意事项

常见问题

BQUQ在CNC加工零件上能达到什么公差?

我们的标准过程控制为关键特征±0.005 mm,常规为±0.01 mm。我们按照您的图纸进行加工和检测,每批出货都附有检测报告。

冲压件能达到多紧的公差?

连续模冲压标准约为±0.05 mm,关键特征可达到±0.02 mm。限制在模具制造时确定,因此应在开模前商定公差。

机加工表面通常的Ra值是多少?

粗车为3.2至6.3 µm,精车为1.6至3.2 µm,磨削表面为0.2至0.8 µm。仅标注功能所需的粗糙度。

你们提供尺寸检测报告吗?

是的。每批生产出货都附有检测报告,对于紧公差或GD&T公差的零件可提供完整的CMM报告。请在询价时说明您需要的报告级别。

Talk to an engineer

CNC machining · metal stamping · custom springs · heat sinks — ISO9001 source factory in Dongguan, China. ±0.005mm process control, quote within 12 hours.

Email sc@bquq.com  |  WhatsApp +86 13713157787  |  www.bquq.com


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